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1 \u7ea2\u8272\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u4e56\u5b69\u5b50\uff1a\u7b03\u4fe1\u5929\u9053\u916c\u52e4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


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\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


1979\u5e7f\u5dde\u4f53\u80b2\u5b66\u9662\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f1a\uff08\u53f3\u4e00\u4e3a\u4f5c\u8005\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3 \u614c\u4e71\u4e2d\u601d\u53ca\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u5374\u6323\u4e0d\u8131\u65e0\u795e\u8bba\u7684\u675f\u7f1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   \u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u62b1\u8d1f\u6709\u6210\u5c31\u611f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u4fe1\u53ea\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u4e3b\u5bb0\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u81ea\u5df1\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u600e\u4e48\u73b0\u5728\u597d\u50cf\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4e0d\u7075\u4e86\uff1f\u6211\u751a\u81f3\u611f\u5230\u60ca\u6050\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u670b\u53cb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u7f8e\u56fd\u6765\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u5c0f\u4f19\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u6211\u51c6\u5907\u51fa\u56fd\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ed9\u6211\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4e5f\u9001\u6211\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u53ea\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u5b66\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u7ec3\u53e3\u8bed\uff0c\u5145\u5176\u91cf\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ed9\u6211\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e50\u4e8e\u52a9\u4eba\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u4fe1\u8036\u7a23\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e48\u6ca1\u6587\u5316\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u4fe1\u795e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4fe1\u9b3c\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u624d\u662f\u89e3\u91ca\u5b87\u5b99\u4eba\u7c7b\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u90fd\u662f\u8ff7\u4fe1\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u4e2a\u6709\u5b66\u95ee\u7684\u4eba\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u96be\u602a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5c0f\u5c31\u63a5\u53d7\u201c\u65e0\u795e\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u6d17\u8111\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u5b97\u6559\u662f\u9ebb\u9189\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u9e26\u7247\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4e0e\u5929\u6597\uff0c\u4e0e\u5730\u6597\uff0c\u5176\u4e50\u65e0\u7a77\u201d\uff01\u201c\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6551\u4e16\u4e3b\u2026\u201d \u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u65e9\u5df2\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u624e\u6839\u5728\u6211\u7684\u8111\u6d77\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u770b\u5230\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6559\u6388\u3001\u535a\u58eb\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u795e\uff0c\u6709\u5e73\u5b89\u559c\u4e50\u7684\u5145\u6ee1\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u6211\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6562\u81ea\u5938\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6562\u8bbd\u7b11\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ff7\u4fe1\u548c\u6ca1\u6709\u6587\u5316\u3002\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u6211\u4e0e\u4ed6\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fc7\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u7591\u60d1\u4e86\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\u624d\u4fe1\u8036\u7a23\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7942\u662f\u771f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u8ba9\u6211\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u8ddf\u4ed6\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u56e0\u5fd9\u4e8e\u8bfb\u4e66\u548c\u6253\u5de5\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u6162\u6162\u758f\u8fdc\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4 \u5fc3\u95e8\u7a0d\u5f00\uff1a\u6709\u9650\u7684\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u6d4b\u5ea6\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u795e
\u4f20\u9053\u4e66<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f20\u9053\u8005\u8bf4\uff1a\u865a\u7a7a\u7684\u865a\u7a7a\uff0c\u865a\u7a7a\u7684\u865a\u7a7a\uff0c\u51e1\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u865a\u7a7a\u30021:2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u89c1\u65e5\u5149\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u865a\u7a7a\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6355\u98ce\u30021:14<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   \u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u9700\u8981\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u586b\u8865\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u5374\u504f\u504f\u6446\u8131\u4e0d\u6389\u90a3\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u795e\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6709\u4f4d\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u5f1f\u5144\u66fe\u5bf9\u6211\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u5b87\u5b99\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u795e\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u5927\u548c\u65e0\u9650\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u88ab\u9020\u7269\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u9650\u7684\u5934\u8111\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7942\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u641e\u61c2\u7942\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u795e\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u662f\u5148\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u518d\u4e00\u70b9\u4e00\u70b9\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7942\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7b49\u4f60\u5168\u90e8\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u540e\u518d\u6765\u76f8\u4fe1\u7942\uff1f\u6050\u6015\u540e\u8005\u5c31\u662f\u8fde\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u90a3\u575a\u786c\u7684\u5fc3\u5df2\u9010\u6e10\u8f6f\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u4e5f\u7a0d\u7a0d\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


1980\u00a0\u5e7f\u4e1c\u9ad8\u6821\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f1a\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u540d\u4e3a\u4f5c\u8005\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5 \u5e03\u9053\u4f1a\u91ca\u7591\uff1a\u4eff\u4f5b\u6709\u5149\u7167\u4eae\u4e86\u773c\u775b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   \u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\u662f\u795e\u62ef\u6551\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u3002\u90a3\u662f1996\u5e743\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u6211\u88ab\u9080\u53c2\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u5e03\u9053\u4f1a\uff0c\u8bb2\u5458\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5fb7\u9ad8\u671b\u4f17\u7684\u534e\u4eba\u9ebb\u9189\u533b\u751f\u5f90\u534e\u3002\u4ed6\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u5e74\u85aa30\u591a\u4e07\u7f8e\u91d1\u7684\u6536\u5165\u63d0\u65e9\u9000\u4f11\u5e76\u70ed\u5fc3\u4f20\u64ad\u795e\u7684\u798f\u97f3\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u533b\u9662\u91cc\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u80fd\u62ef\u6551\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u4f1a\u8150\u574f\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u62ef\u6551\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   \u5f90\u534e\u533b\u751f\u4ece\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u7b49\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u6d45\u51fa\uff0c\u751f\u52a8\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u5e76\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6551\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23\u3002\u6211\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\u8046\u542c\u8fc7\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u6559\u6388\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u8bb2\u8bfe\uff0c\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u6d17\u8111\uff0c\u5fc3\u7075\u52b1\u5fd7\u7684\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u4f20\u9500\u5546\u7684\u717d\u52a8\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u8c61\u4eca\u5929\u4e00\u6837\u4ee4\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u5982\u6b64\u64bc\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee4\u6211\u7684\u826f\u77e5\u548c\u7075\u9b42\u82cf\u9192\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   \u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u521a\u5f3a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u5403\u8fc7\u4e0d\u5c11\u82e6\uff0c\u867d\u4e5f\u5f39\u8fc7\u60b2\u6b22\u79bb\u5408\u7684\u773c\u6cea\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u90a3\u79cd\u201c\u7537\u4eba\u6709\u6cea\u4e0d\u8f7b\u5f39\u201d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53ef\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5374\u60c5\u4e0d\u81ea\u7981\u5730\u75db\u54ed\u6d41\u6d95\u3002\u4eff\u4f5b\u6709\u5149\u7167\u4eae\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u611a\u6627\uff0c\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u65e0\u77e5\uff0c\u6211\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f\u9886\u53d7\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u9886\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u5938\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u5f53\u6ca1\u6709\u5149\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u91cc\u9762\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u9ed1\u6697\u548c\u9a84\u50b2\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u5bf9\u795e\u7684\u62b5\u6321\u3002\u6211\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u201c\u597d\u4eba\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e56\u5b69\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u53ea\u8981\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u795e\uff0c\u5426\u8ba4\u90a3\u5b87\u5b99\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u521b\u9020\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u5929\u4e0a\u7236\u795e\u7684\u773c\u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u201c\u5b7d\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7f6a\u4eba\uff0c\u4e14\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u8bc5\u53ef\u5492\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f55\u7b49\u9700\u8981\u56de\u5230\u795e\u7684\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u540c\u4eab\u53d7\u7236\u5bb6\u4e4b\u7231\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u201c\u4e3b\u554a\uff0c\u6c42\u4f60\u9976\u6055\u6211\u7684\u65e0\u77e5\uff0c\u9976\u6055\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u62b5\u6321\u4f60\u7684\u8fc7\u72af\u3002\u6211\u627f\u8ba4\u6211\u662f\u4e2a\u7f6a\u4eba\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4fe1\u4f60\uff0c\u6211\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u4f60\u7684\u6551\u6069\u3002\u6c42\u4f60\u6765\u62ef\u6551\u6211\u8131\u79bb\u7f6a\u548c\u6b7b\uff0c\u6c42\u4f60\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u6211\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4e3b\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u6211\u5fc3\u91cc\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u7977\u544a\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6765\u6211\u90fd\u5728\u89c4\u5212\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u524d\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3b\u5bb0\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4eba\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4e3b\u5bb0\u3002\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u6211\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5355\u6311\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cd\u62c5\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u4e0d\u88ab\u5b83\u538b\u57ae\u624d\u602a\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\u6211\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5f97\u5230\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6 \u4eba\u82e5\u559d\u4e3b\u6240\u8d50\u7684\u6c34\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6e34<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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